Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the concept of designing closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) in the timber industry with a focus on the localization factors for wood deep processing enterprises. The research is based on current data on the development of Russia's forest sector, particularly in the context of import substitution and sustainable development. The study examines methodological approaches to integrating forward and reverse material flows, analyzes key factors for production localization, and proposes models for optimizing the network structure considering regional specifics. The article contains practical recommendations for market participants and public administration bodies.

Keywords:
closed-loop supply chain, timber industry, wood deep processing, production localization, sustainable development, factors of production location, regional development
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