METHODS AND ALGORITHMS FOR ENSURING DATA CONSISTENCY IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE APPROACHES
Authors:
1.
Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
2.
Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
3.
Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
4.
Yaroslavskoye vyssheye voyennoye uchilishche PVO imeni marshala Sovetskogo Soyuza Govorova L.A.
Type:
Сonference article
Pages:
from 211
to 216
Published:
30.12.2025
Subject area:
UDC 004.9
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
distributed systems, data consistency, vector clock, CRDT, consensus protocols, Raft, Paxos, CAP theorem, data replication, fault tolerance
Abstract:
The article provides a comprehensive analysis of modern methods and algorithms for ensuring data consistency in distributed systems. The study covers three key approaches: vector clocks for tracking cause-and-effect relationships, conflict-oriented replicated data types (CRDT) for ultimate consistency, and consensus protocols (Raft, Paxos) for strict consistency. A detailed description of each method is presented, including mathematical foundations, algorithmic complexity, and practical aspects of implementation. Based on a comparative analysis, trade-offs between consistency, availability, and performance of various approaches have been identified. The results of the study demonstrate that the choice of the optimal method for ensuring consistency should be determined by the specific requirements of the application for reliability, scalability and responsiveness of the system.
The article provides a comprehensive analysis of modern methods and algorithms for ensuring data consistency in distributed systems. The study covers three key approaches: vector clocks for tracking cause-and-effect relationships, conflict-oriented replicated data types (CRDT) for ultimate consistency, and consensus protocols (Raft, Paxos) for strict consistency. A detailed description of each method is presented, including mathematical foundations, algorithmic complexity, and practical aspects of implementation. Based on a comparative analysis, trade-offs between consistency, availability, and performance of various approaches have been identified. The results of the study demonstrate that the choice of the optimal method for ensuring consistency should be determined by the specific requirements of the application for reliability, scalability and responsiveness of the system.
Keywords:
distributed systems, data consistency, vector clock, CRDT, consensus protocols, Raft, Paxos, CAP theorem, data replication, fault tolerance
distributed systems, data consistency, vector clock, CRDT, consensus protocols, Raft, Paxos, CAP theorem, data replication, fault tolerance
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2. Vnukov A.A., Petrova E.S. Algoritmy konsensusa Paxos i Raft: teoriya i praktika: ucheb. posobie dlya bakalavriata i magistratury. - Moskva: Yurayt, 2022. - 198 s.
3. Smirnov I.P. Konflikt-orientirovannye replicirovannye tipy dannyh (CRDT): arhitektura i primenenie. - Moskva: DMK Press, 2023. - 112 s.
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