Russian Federation
Russian Federation
UDC 581.55
UDC 58.056
In the south of Russia, there are abnormal climatic transformations caused by cyclical atmospheric phenomena. These transformations are characterized by increased temperatures and a lack of precipitation. In the context of the Nogai Steppe, severe climatic changes during the growing season, affecting both agricultural land and natural pastures, are one of the factors contributing to desertification. Therefore, analyzing the aridity of the Nogai Steppe's climatic conditions, taking into account their anomalous manifestations, is crucial for assessing their impact on the productivity of pasture phytocenoses. An analysis of the frequency of droughts based on the HTC index revealed a significant increase in the last decade (2014-2024) compared to the first decade (1994-2004). For example, the frequency of severe and moderate droughts in the spring-summer period increased from 1 to 4 years, while in the summer-autumn period, it increased from 6 to 9 years. The calculations confirmed the existence of a strong correlation between the amount of precipitation during the growing season and the yield of the grass stand (t/ha), expressed by the correlation coefficients: r = 0.73 for wormwood-grass, r = 0.67 for ephemeral-grass, and r = 0.66 for mixed-grass communities. A study of the correlation between the HTC index and the productivity of pasture communities revealed the following: there is a strong correlation (r=0.8 and r=0.77) for wormwood-grass and mixed-grass communities. The most intensive response to agroclimatic conditions occurs in the spring-summer period (r=0.75). The productivity of ephemeral-grass communities shows a weaker correlation with the HTC in individual periods of vegetation (r=0.66 and r=0.63), but the overall correlation over the entire vegetation period remains high (r=0.72).
Nogai Steppe, climate, aridization, pasture communities, productivity
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