UDC 504.06
The paper uses the example of the organization of the XXII Olympic Winter Games in Sochi (2014) to study the anthropogenic dynamics of forest ecosystems associated with the accelerated creation of green spaces at newly constructed facilities. The paper summarizes information from scientific literature and official reports. It is established that large-scale construction has caused soil erosion [1], fragmentation of mountain forests [3], a decrease in biodiversity [7], and disruption of ecosystem functions. Green construction with a focus on alien plant species was accompanied by the mass invasion of non-native pests [8, 9, 11], which led to the destruction of almost 90% of the boxwood plantations. The post-Olympic assessment revealed the low sustainability of artificial phytocenoses and the need for constant maintenance costs [5, 6], as well as long-term geomorphological risks [10]. It is concluded that the greening of sports complexes cannot serve as a full-fledged compensation for the damage to nature [4] without prioritizing local species and preventing biological invasions.
anthropogenic dynamics, forest ecosystems, landscaping, Olympic complexes, Sochi 2014, soil erosion, forest fragmentation, biodiversity, invasive pests, post-Olympic development, geomorphological risks
1. Ivonin V.M., Pin'kovskiy M.D., Egoshin A.V. Eroziya pochv, narushennyh pri stroitel'stve ob'ektov Olimpiady-2014. // Ekologiya urbanizirovannyh territoriy. – 2011. – № 2. – S. 55-61.
2. Ivonin V.M., Pin'kovskiy M.D., Egoshin A.V. i dr. Reabilitaciya lesnyh ekosistem, narushennyh v hode stroitel'stva ob'ektov Olimpiady-2014 / Pod red. V.M. Ivonina. – Sochi, 2012. – 250 s.
3. Ivonin V.M., Pin'kovskiy M.D., Egoshin A.V. Fragmentaciya gornyh lesov pri razmeschenii ob'ektov Olimpiady – 2014 // Lesnoe hozyaystvo. – 2012. – № 1. – S. 31-34.
4. Brinih V.A. Vo chto sochinskaya Olimpiada oboshlas' prirode? // Astrahanskiy vestnik ekologicheskogo obrazovaniya. – 2014. – № 2 (28). – S. 56-68. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SFDJNB
5. Ryabov S.A., Shirokozhuhova N.S. Ekologicheskie posledstviya provedeniya XXII Zimnih Olimpiyskih igr v Sochi // Aktual'nye problemy prava: materialy IV Mezhdunar. nauch. konf. (g. Moskva, noyabr' 2015 g.). – Moskva: Buki-Vedi, 2015. – S. 168-171. – URL: https://moluch.ru/conf/law/archive/179/9043. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UYOWBD
6. Kudaktin A.N., Kondrat'ev V.N. Problemy i perspektivy postolimpiyskogo razvitiya Sochi // Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal eksperimental'nogo obrazovaniya. – 2015. – № 8-3. – S. 339-342. – URL: https://expeducation.ru/en/article/view?id=8136. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UAVKWL
7. Kudaktin A.N., Udincev S.I., Sushkova E.A. Bioraznoobrazie gornogo klastera Sochinskogo Prichernomor'ya i puti ego sohraneniya pri podgotovke k HHII olimpiyskim zimnim igram 2014 g. // Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal eksperimental'nogo obrazovaniya. – 2010. – № 11. – S. 201-203.
8. Zavezennye pri podgotovke Olimpiady vrediteli unichtozhayut derev'ya v Sochi // Grani.Ru. – 2015. – URL: https://graniru.org/Society/ecology/m.237465.html.
9. Sochi iz-za vrediteley riskuet poteryat' pal'my, kiparisy i magnolii // Narodnaya gazeta g. Sochi. – URL: https://ngsochi.com/sochi-iz-za-vreditelej-riskuet-poteryat-palmy-kiparisy-i-magnolii/#ViewPollResults.
10. Neustoychivost' sklonov v gornom klastere Olimpiady 2014 goda rastet iz-za stroitel'stva // Nauchnaya Rossiya. – URL: https://test.sciam.ru/articles/neustojcivost-sklonov-v-gornom-klastere-olimpiady-2014-goda-rastet-iz-za-stroitelstva.
11. D'Angelo F. Olympic Forests Network – framework for nature restoration supported by the International Olympic Committee // Panorama. – URL: https://panorama.solutions/en/solution/olympic-forests-network-framework-nature-restoration-supported-international-olympic.
