Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology RAS
Voronezh State University
Russian Federation
The paper examines the role of Orthodoxy in the ethnocultural formation of the Russian people and the formation of national identity through two conceptual paradigms: critical, linking Orthodoxy with economic stagnation and cultural isolation, and apologetic, interpreting it as an organic component of the East Slavic mentality. Based on the analysis of the positions of leading researchers, the thesis about Orthodoxy as the axiological framework of Russian civilizational identity is substantiated. At the same time, it is emphasized that the issue of the degree of influence of religious factors on socio-cultural dynamics remains controversial.
Russian national character, Orthodoxy, national mentality, dual faith, and civilizational identity
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