Russian Federation
UDC 004.738.5
The article presents a comprehensive analysis of modern approaches to building IoT infrastructure for precision farming systems. The operating principles and technical characteristics of key types of agro-sensors are examined in detail: pH sensors, electrical conductivity (EC), volumetric soil moisture (VWC), and temperature sensors. A comparative analysis of measurement methods is conducted, revealing the advantages and limitations of various design solutions. Particular attention is paid to energy efficiency issues of data collection nodes, architectural features of LoRaWAN wireless networks, and problems of integrating sensor systems with digital agricultural platforms. A methodology for assessing data reliability from budget sensors and an adaptive calibration algorithm are proposed. The conclusion formulates prospects for the development of agro-IoT, including integration with artificial intelligence technologies, satellite monitoring, and predictive analytics.
precision farming, Internet of Things, agro-sensors, pH sensor, soil electrical conductivity, soil moisture, LoRaWAN, LPWAN, energy efficiency, digital agriculture, predictive analytics
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