The article examines the historical evolution of the arbitration court as a mechanism of civil society self-regulation. The authors analyze the origins of arbitral dispute resolution, beginning with ancient civilizations, including Ancient Rome, Ancient Greece, and Slavic tribes, and trace its development through medieval Europe to the present stage. Particular attention is paid to the comparative legal analysis of the formation and development of arbitration courts in various legal systems, including those of France, England, Germany, the United States, and Russia. The article explores the influence of state institutions on the development of arbitral proceedings, as well as the role of the parties’ voluntary consent as a fundamental principle of this institution. Based on the historical and legal analysis, the authors conclude that the arbitration court is a classical institution of civil society, formed on the principles of voluntariness, trust, and self-organization, and that its effective functioning is possible under conditions of constructive interaction between society and the state.
arbitration court, arbitrage, civil society, voluntary consent, historical evolution, alternative dispute resolution, legal system, self-organization
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