Russian Federation
This article examines the evolution of civil society in Russia from the communal traditions of the 19th century to the present day, focusing on key historical stages and the impact of political transformations. Particular attention is paid to the role of the reforms of Alexander II, the Soviet period, Perestroika, and post-Soviet changes in the formation of self-organization institutions. Factors facilitating or hindering the development of civil society, such as state control, economic crises, and legal mechanisms, are identified. The trend toward sustained interaction between civil society and the government is emphasized, and factors for further development are identified.
civil society institutions, transition regime, state, political power, organizations
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