Voronezh, Voronezh, Russian Federation
By production of glued and plate wood-base materials with use of carboamidoformaldehyde pitches (KFS) the main lack of technology of which is toxicity of these materials to the person. Toxicity is caused by allocation from these materials of gas, harmful to the person, - formaldehyde which is cancerogenic substance. Wood-shaving plates from needle (DSTP) and large-size shaving (OSB), fiber boards (DVP) including the Intermediate-density fiberboard (MDF), and also plywood of general purpose and different types of special plywood (decorative, bakelized, etc.), first of all, belong to such materials. The Russian Ministry of Health has established very strict requirements on release of formaldehyde in air both in premises, and in free air the admissible level of which makes (DU) only 0,01 mg/m3 of air when testing materials by chamber method. The plate materials released now can exceed DU of 17 times stated above. Especially it concerns DSTP. Despite attempts of institute Vniidrev through appeals to relevant authorities of the Ministry of Health to increase such admissible level in our country, generally for plate materials, were not crowned with success yet and this level in real time remains in force. It is possible to use such plates in premises only at very small saturation them room void volume (the saturation is defined as the relation of surface area of plates indoors to room void volume). So, by our researches for example it is proved that the written dvukhtumbovy table made of DSTP of class of release of formaldehyde E2 can be established in living room of 20 sq.m only one and no more. Only in this case, at small saturation room void volume plates, the release of formaldehyde in air of the room will meet requirements of domestic DU. In premises the case furniture is in reality with much bigger saturation that leads to room gas contamination formaldehyde. In too time abroad formaldehyde size DU in air much more also makes 0,124 mg/m3 of air. In this regard the purpose of our work consisted in the analysis of DU of formaldehyde in air of foreign researches.
wood-base plate materials, plywood, formaldehyde, admissible level of formaldehyde in air
1. BRD-Wissenschaft. Herausgegebenvon A. Schulte, U. Bernauer, S. Madle, H. Mielke, U. Herbst, H.-B. Richter-Reichhelm, K.-E.Appel,U.Gundert RemyAssessmentofthe Carcinogenicityof Formaldehyde [CASNo. 50-00-0]. Bericht zur Bewertung der Karzinogenität von Formaldehyd Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung Pressestelle Thielallee 88-92 14195 Berlin. Berlin 2006, 156 Seiten, 1 Abbildung, 24 Tabellen).
2. Wilmer, J.W.G., Woutersen, R.A., Appelman, L.M. et al. (1987) Subacute (4-week) inhalation toxicity study of formaldehyde in male rats: 8-hour intermittent versus 8-hour continuous exposures. J Appl Toxicol 7, 15-16.
3. Wilmer, J.W., Woutersen, R.A., Appelman, L.M. et al. (1989.) Subchronic (13-week) inhalation toxicity study of formaldehyde in male rats: 8-hour intermittent versus 8-hour continuous exposures. Toxicol Lett 47, 287-293.
4. Bhalla D.K., Mahavni V., Nguyen T., McClure T. (1991) Effects of acute exposure to formaldehyde on surface morphology of nasal epithelia in rats. J. Toxicol. And Environm. Health 33, 171-188.
5. Monteiro-Riviere, N.A., Popp, J.A. (1986) Ultrastructural evaluation of acute nasal toxicity in the rat respiratory epithelium in response to formaldehyde gas. Fundam Appl Toxicol 6, 251- 262.
6. Doty, R. L., Cometto-Muniz, J.E., Jalowayski, A. A., Dalton, P., Kendal-Reed, M., Hodgson,M. (2004) Assessment of upper respiratory tract and ocular irritative effects of volatiöe chemicals in humans. Crit Rev Toxicol 34 (2), 85-142.
7. Paustenbach, D., Alarie Y., Kulle T., Schachter N., Smith R., Swenberg J., Witschi H., Horowitz S.B. (1997) A recommended occupational exposure limit for formaldehyde based on irritation. J. Toxicol. And Environm. Health 50, 217-263.
8. Andersen I., Molhave L. (1983) Controlled human studies with formaldehyde. In: Gibson J.E., ed. Formaldehyde toxicity. Washington DC, Hemisphere Publishing, pp. 155-165.
9. Holmström, M., Wilhelmsson, B., Hellquist, H. et al. (1989) Histological changes in the nasal mucosa in persons occupationally exposed to formaldehyde alone and in combination with wood dust. ActaOtolaryngol (Stockh) 107, 120-129.
